In many literary schools, both traditional and new, language is and is being examined by critics as one of the most important elements of poetry. The importance of language in literary criticism is more important in the Russian formalist school and its child structuralism than in other schools. The intellectual base of these schools is more on the prominence of literary texts and its strangeness and distance from normal and usual language, which is considered as one of the most important and fundamental methods of beautifying the work and influencing the hearts of the audience. One of the ways to make literary texts stand out is non-standardization, and one of the non-standard ways to create the beauty of a literary work is antiquarianism. Among the contemporary poets of Iran, Ahmad Shamlou is one of those who has placed one of the most basic linguistic foundations of his poetry on archaism. One of the main characteristics of his poetry is the attention to the texts of the past as a great linguistic source for highlighting etc. One of the texts that many critics and experts suggest as the linguistic source of Shamlu's poetry is the eloquent prose of Tarikh-i Beyhaqi.In this article, an attempt is made to reveal the similarities between Shamlou's poetry and Tarikh-i Beyhaqi, and to examine these similarities using formalist and structuralist views.
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