Recognition of the Role and Position of Ghulaman in Ghaznavid Power Structure Based on Bayhaqi’s History

The issue of Ghulaman and their role in politics and society is one of the issues raised during the Ghaznavid era. In Bayhaqi’s History, which is one of the most valuable and reliable sources of this era, there is a lot of talk about ghulaman and especially a group of those called Ghulaman-e Sarai but until now no precise definition of them has been given. The definitions of dictionaries in are incorrect or incomplete, and most of the commentators have simply passed this issue. This article has tried to provide a more accurate picture of this group and their role in the Ghaznavid court, thereby helping to reform the definitions of dictionaries and commentations Bayhaqi’s History and to clarify another part of how political power was structured in the Ghaznavid period.