Among the fields of interaction between science and literature is didactic poetry. In fact, one of the great services of literature to science is its preservation and maintenance through didactic poems over many centuries. Another thing is, using didactic poetry is one of the best learning methods. Nevertheless, this type of poetry, which is one of the four types of poetry in the world, has not been investigated and researched as it should be. Therefore, the present article tries to examine the different dimensions of didactic poetry and its role and place in teaching and learning by relying on two rich Persian and Arabic literatures.